Abstract

This study aims to systematically organize previous research on conditioning management to help wheelchair athletes perform at their best in international competitions. A systematic literature review was conducted to examine factors affecting the performance of wheelchair athletes both domestically and internationally, highlighting key considerations for developing effective conditioning strategies. The review investigated training methods for international competition preparation, as well as nutritional and hydration intake before, during, and after events. It also briefly presented nutrition approaches tailored to the characteristics of various sports for athletes with disabilities. The results were categorized into key factors influencing wheelchair athletes’ performance and conditioning, including performance-related factors, prevention and management of pressure ulcers, fall prevention, nutrition and hydration, sleep and rest, jet lag management, and accessibility. This study emphasizes essential points and precautions that should be considered when designing conditioning programs and supporting athletes during training and competition. The findings are expected to enhance wheelchair athletes’ performance and reduce injury risk by improving their conditioning in preparation for international competitions.