ISSN : 1598-2939
Many people perceive physical activity solely as structured exercise, overlooking the benefits of daily activities like walking for transportation. This study explores office workers' perceptions of physical activity and evaluates an intervention aimed at broadening their understanding to include non-leisure contexts, thereby laying a foundation for future health promotion programs. In the first study, 20 office workers (12 males, 8 females; Mage = 35.4) participated in in-depth interviews, revealing that most perceived physical activity exclusively as leisure and failed to distinguish it from exercise. The second study involved 30 office workers randomly assigned to an experimental group (9 males, 6 females, Mage = 32.8) or a control group (5 males, 10 females, Mage = 29.6). The experimental group received an intervention designed to enhance awareness of physical activity across four domains. After the intervention, participants in the experimental group reported increased perceived benefits and decreased perceived barriers to physical activity. Both groups showed improvements in physical activity levels, but the effect size was larger in the experimental group (Cohen’s d = 0.62) than in the control group (Cohen’s d = 0.34), suggesting that improved awareness contributed to greater behavioral change. These findings underscore the importance of broadening perceptions of physical activity to promote engagement and actual activity levels, and they support the development of targeted intervention strategies to foster healthier lifestyles.
The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of stepping-in-place tempo on impact force of round house kick and to determine whether the impact force was the same according to types of round house kick; front leg body; front leg head; rear leg body; rear leg head. Fifteen Taekwondo experts performed four type of roundhouse kicks at five different stepping-in-place tempos; 100; 120; 140; 160; 180 bpm. Each participant performed 60 round house kicks body and head height in random order. The impact force was analysed using 4 (kick type) × 5 (tempo) ways repeated measures ANOVA. Estimated impact force at 140 bpm was significantly stronger than at 100 bpm. Estimated impact force for FLB and RLB were stronger than FLH and RLB was stronger than RLH. In addition, kick type x tempo interaction was significant. The findings of this study indicate that there exists an ideal stepping-in-place tempo for generating robust impact force, and that body kicks consistently yield more impact force in comparison to head kicks across all stepping-in-place tempos. This study provides useful information on the optimal movements for enhancing Taekwondo performance related to power output and has important applications for both coaches and players establishing Taekwondo match strategies.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of reactive neuromuscular training (RNT) on golf swing kinematic sequence. RNT aims to develop effective dynamic stability or movement, minimize the need for verbal and visual instruction, and self-respond to stimulus created by outside force (eg. elastic band). A golf swing is a highly complex motor skill that requires multi-segments coordinative movement, such as golf kinematic sequence. To apply RNT to amateur golfers who tend to sway their body or head, inertial overloading technique utilizing clubbell (5kg) swing applied outside force (perturbation). Twenty-Four male amateur golfers were divided into two groups (RNT vs. Control). A golf ball tracking system (FlightScope Kudu) and 3D motion analysis system (K-vest) were selected for measurement devices. The experiment task was a 7-iron golf full swing. The carry distance, maximum angular velocity (pelvis, thorax, and wrist), and deceleration timing (pelvis, thorax, and wrist) were selected for dependent variables. The RNT group outperformed in carry distance. The maximum angular velocity of the pelvis and wrist were significantly higher in the RNT group. The deceleration timing of the pelvis and thorax significantly moved forward toward mid-downswing in the RNT group. The results of this study confirmed the motor learning effect of RNT on golf kinematic sequence and distance performance.
As media multitasking becomes increasingly prevalent, sports TV broadcasts—one of the primary exposure channels for sponsorship—are also influenced. This study investigates the impact of multitasking, particularly involuntary multitasking (e.g., push notifications), on sponsorship effects. Grounded in communication theories, the research employs neuromarketing techniques using EEG measurements. An EEG-based experiment was conducted with a simulated 10-minute and 15-second sport TV broadcast as the primary media with multitasking stimulus. Participants were randomly assigned to multitasking high, multitasking low, or control groups. EEG indicators, including TOA (total occipital alpha) and LFPD (left prefrontal dominance), were analyzed alongside survey data. The results show that multitasking increased TOA, indicating cognitive avoidance, and reduced LFPD, associated with negative emotions like annoyance, ultimately lowering sponsorship effects. Conversely, lower TOA and higher LFPD were linked to improved brand recall, brand attitude, and purchase intention. Despite limitations such as sample size and the use of a real brand, Nike, the findings validate the cognitive, affective, and conative mechanisms underlying sponsorship effects. The study highlights the need for sports organizations and sponsors to mitigate multitasking’s negative effects or adapt activation strategies. It also reinforces the value of integrating neuromarketing tools like EEG into sponsorship evaluation, offering novel insights into evolving media consumption patterns.
Sporting events have a significant social and economic impact on the host community. The purpose of this study was to assess the economic impact of the Chuncheon Marathon in Korea. Input-output analysis was used to assess the event’s economic impact. Big data on card transactions were collected by setting the area around the gathering place and the marathon finish line for each event day. A total of 1,983,722 card transaction cases were collected for the analyses. The card transaction amount increased by 1.6 billion KRW in 2017 compared to 2016, but in 2018, it decreased by 1.4 billion KRW from 2017. The national input-output table published in 2015 by the Bank of Korea was used to calculate the economic impact of the event from 2016 to 2018. The results showed spending patterns during the event and the economic impact of the sporting event based on big data of card transactions. Practical implications based on the results are provided in the form of hosting multiple date marathon events and developing marketing plans with an emphasis on local participants to produce more food, beverage, and lodging revenues.
This study aims to identify the adverse effects of undesirable sports sponsorships. It specifies and empirically tests the impact of the main sponsor by attribute type (original/undesirable/pro-social) on consumers’ team perceptions and purchase intentions for the team jersey. The moderating role of fan identification (high versus low) with the team and value congruence (high versus low) between consumers and the sponsor are also investigated. Using a sample of undergraduate students (n = 185) from the Republic of Korea, we found that the sponsor’s attribute type influences participants’ attitudes toward the sports team and purchase intentions for the team jersey. More specifically, participants scored their attitudes toward the team (Moriginal sponsor = 4.672, Mpro-social sponsor = 3.325, Mundesirable sponsor = 2.015, F = 73.491, p = .000) and purchase intentions for the jersey (Moriginal sponsor = 3.471, Mpro-social sponsor = 2.786, Mundesirable sponsor = 1.918, F = 16.100, p = .000). The results show that fan identification moderates the main effects of sponsor attributes on consumers’ attitudes toward the team (F = 4.571, p = .011) and purchase intentions team (F = 8.454, p = .000). They further reveal that value congruence moderates the effects of sponsor attributes on consumers’ attitudes toward the team (F = 6.132, p = .002). However, no significant interaction on the effects of sponsor attributes on consumers’ purchase intentions for the team jersey is found (F = .344, p = .853). The findings of the comprehensive analysis conducted in this study have several implications for practitioners of sports sponsorship communication. In addition, this study suggests focus areas for academic discussion and outlines future research directions.
This study aimed to investigate the region-specific effects of weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing exercise on Schwann cell transcriptional activity and functional recovery following sciatic nerve injury. Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to four groups: normal control (CONT), sedentary after injury (SED), treadmill exercise (TEX), and swimming exercise (SWIM). All groups except CONT underwent sciatic nerve crush injury. TEX and SWIM groups received daily exercise interventions, while SED remained inactive. The expression levels of Sox10 and Krox20 were analyzed in proximal, injury, and distal (P-I-D) nerve segments at 3 and 21 days post-crush through both qualitative and quantitative Western blot analysis. Functional recovery was assessed via forelimb grip strength and the sciatic functional index (SFI). At 3 days post-crush (dpc), Sox10 expression in the distal segment was significantly upregulated in both TEX and SWIM groups compared to SED (P<0.001), with TEX higher than SWIM (P<0.05). At 21 dpc, Sox10 expression remained significantly elevated in the TEX group compared to both the SED (P<0.01) and SWIM (P<0.05) groups. Krox20 expression at 3 dpc showed a similar trend, with higher levels in TEX and SWIM than SED (P<0.001 and P<0.05), and TEX showing greater expression than SWIM (P<0.01). However, differences disappeared by 21 dpc (P>0.05). Functionally, TEX showed greater grip strength (P<0.001) and improved SFI (P<0.05) at 21 dpc. The CONT group maintained baseline values throughout. These findings suggest that early moderate-intensity treadmill exercise promotes Schwann cell-mediated regeneration through region-specific transcriptional activation and enhances functional recovery more effectively than non-weight- bearing exercise.
This study examined the mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between perceived parental support and intention to continue sport among Korean university football players. Using a sample of male university football players registered with the Korea Football Association, we employed structural equation modeling to test a mediation model based on self-determination theory. Participants completed measures assessing parental support, intrinsic motivation, and intention to continue sport on 7-point Likert scales. The results revealed that parental support had no significant direct effect on sport continuation intention and a significant positive effect on intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation, in turn, strongly predicted sport continuation intention. The mediation analysis demonstrated that intrinsic motivation fully mediated the relationship between parental support and sport continuation intention, with parental support influencing athletes' commitment exclusively through the enhancement of intrinsic motivation. The model demonstrated strong predictive validity and explained a substantial portion of the variance in sport continuation intention. These findings suggest that parental support influences athletes' commitment to sport entirely through enhancing their intrinsic motivation rather than through any direct influence. The study contributes to sport psychology literature by providing empirical evidence for the complex psychological mechanisms underlying athletic commitment in university settings and offers practical implications for developing interventions that promote sustained sport engagement among collegiate athletes.
