1. Aaker, J. (1997). Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(3), 347-356. DOI:
10.1177/002224379703400304.
2. Abrams, D. & Hogg, M. A. (1988). Comments on the motivational status of self-esteem in social identity and inter-group discrimination. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18(4), 317-334. DOI:
10.1002/ejsp.2420180403.
3. Ambroise, L., Ferrandi, J. M., & Valette-Florence, P. (2005). The impact of brand personality on attitude and commitment towards the brand (No. halshs-00103145).
4. Annan, K. (2005). United Nations Year of Sport. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/sport2005.
5. Bader, A. K., Froese, F. J., Achteresch, A., & Behrens, S. (2017). Expatriates' influence on the affective commitment of host country nationals in China: the moderating effects of individual values and status characteristics. European Journal of International Management, 11(2), 181-200. DOI:
10.1504/EJIM.2017.082532.
6. Behrens, A., & Uhrich, S. (2020). Uniting a sport teams’ global fan community: prototypical behavior of satellite fans enhances local fans’ attitudes and perceptions of groupness. European Sport Management Quarterly, 20(5), 598-617. DOI:
10.1080/16184742.2019.1643384.
7. Blattberg, R. C. & Deighton, J. (1996). Manage marketing by the customer equity test. Harvard Business Review, 74(4), 136-144.
8. Bodet, G. & Chanavat, N. (2010). Building global football brand equity: Lessons from the Chinese market. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 22(1), 55-66. DOI:
10.1108/13555851011013155.
9. Carlson, B. D. & Donavan, D. T. (2013). Human brands in sport: Athlete brand personality and identification. Journal of Sport Management, 27(3), 193-206. DOI:
10.1123/jsm.27.3.193.
10. Chadwick, S. (2007, September). European Football Clubs and Their Asian Supporters: Some Implications for International Sport Marketers. In 15th Congress of the European Association for Sport Management, Torino, Italy.
11. Chiu, W., & Won, D. (2020). Influence of sports fan ethnocentrism on identification and media consumption intention: a preliminary investigation with taiwanese baseball fans. Sport in Society, 1-19. DOI:
10.1080/17430437.2020.1772232.
13. Cho, H., Chiu, W., & Tan, X. D. (2020). Travel overseas for a game: the effect of nostalgia on satellite fans’ psychological commitment, subjective well-being, and travel intention. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-17.
14. Cohen, R. & Kennedy, P. (2000). Global Sociology. London, UK: Macmillan.
15. Desbordes, M. (2007). Marketing and football: An international perspective. Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
16. Fleischmann, A. C., & Fleischmann, M. (2019). International orientation of professional football beyond Europe. Sport, Business and Management, 9(1), 97-114. DOI:
10.1108/SBM-10-2017-0065.
17. Ghemawat, P. (2001). Distance still matters. Harvard business review, 79(8), 137-147.
18. Gladden, J. M. & Funk, D. C. (2002). Developing an understanding of brand associations in team sport: Empirical evidence from consumers of professional sport. Journal of Sport Management, 16(1), 54-81. DOI:
10.1123/jsm.16.1.54.
19. Harris, L. C. & Goode, M. M. (2004). The four levels of loyalty and the pivotal role of trust: a study of online service dynamics. Journal of retailing, 80(2), 139-158. DOI:
10.1016/j.jretai.2004.04.002.
20. Hill, J. S. & Vincent, J. (2006). Globalisation and sports branding: The case of Manchester United. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, 7(3), 213-230. DOI:
10.1108/IJSMS-07-03-2006-B008.
21. Hoberman, J. (1993). Sport and ideology in the post-communist age. In L. Allison (Ed.), The changing politics of sport. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
22. Hogg, M. A., Terry, D. J., & White, K. M. (1995). A tale of two theories: A critical comparison of identity theory with social identity theory. Social Psychology Quarterly, 58(4), 255-269. DOI:
10.2307/2787127.
23. Hu, A. W. L., & Bedford, O. (2012). Development and validation of the sports fan ethnocentrism scale. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 40(2), 215-225. DOI:
10.2224/sbp.2012.40.2.215.
24. Hupfer, N. T. & Gardner, D. M. (1971). Differential involvement with products and issues: An exploratory study. ACR Special Volumes.
25. Kaynak, E., Salman, G. G., & Tatoglu, E. (2008). An integrative framework linking brand associations and brand loyalty in professional sports. Journal of Brand Management, 15, 336-357. DOI:
10.1057/palgrave.bm.2550117.
26. Kerr, A. K., & Gladden, J. M. (2008). Extending the understanding of professional team brand equity to the global marketplace. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 3(1-2), 58-77. DOI:
10.1504/IJSMM.2008.015961.
27. Kim, W, Ok, C, Canter, DD (2010) Contingency variables for customer share of visits to full-service restaurant. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1): 136-147. DOI:
10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.07.003.
28. Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers (2015). Internet trends 2015-code conference. Retrieved from http://www.kpcb.com/internet-trends.
29. L’Etang, J. (2006). Public relations and sport in promotional culture. Public Relations Review, 32, 386-394. DOI:
10.1016/j.pubrev.2006.09.006.
30. Laurent, G. & Kapferer, J. N. (1985). Measuring consumer involvement profiles. Journal of marketing research, 22(1), 41-53. DOI:
10.1177/002224378502200104.
31. Lemon, K. N., Rust, R. T., & Zeithaml, V. A. (2001). What drives customer equity?. Marketing Management, 10(1), 20-25.
32. Liang, Y. P. (2012). The relationship between consumer product involvement, product knowledge and impulsive buying behavior. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 57, 325-330. DOI:
10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1193.
33. Mael, F. & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification. Journal of organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103-123. DOI:
10.1002/job.4030130202.
34. Mason, D. S. (1999). What is the sports product and who buys it? The marketing of professional sports leagues. European Journal of Marketing, 33(3/4), 402-418. DOI:
10.1108/03090569910253251.
35. McDonald, M., Mihara, T., & Hong, J. (2004). Japanese spectator sport industry: Cultural changes creating new opportunities. In Rosner, S. R. & Shropshire, K. L. (eds) The Business of Sports, 173-177. Boston, MA: Jones and Bartlett.
36. Miles, L. & Rines, S. (2004). Football sponsorship & commerce: An analysis of sponsorship and commercial opportunities in football. London, UK: International Marketing Reports.
37. Mittal, B. (1995). A comparative analysis of four scales of consumer involvement. Psychology & marketing, 12(7), 663-682. DOI:
10.1002/mar.4220120708.
38. Nalapat, A. & Parker, A. (2005). Sport, Celebrity and Popular Culture Sachin Tendulkar, Cricket and Indian Nationalisms. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 40(4), 433-446. DOI:
10.1177/1012690205065750.
39. Richelieu, A., & Desbordes, M. (2009). Football teams going international-The strategic leverage of branding. Journal of sponsorship, 3(1), 10-22.
40. Santomier, J. (2008). New media, branding and global sports sponsorship. International Journal of Sports Marketing & Sponsorship, 10(1), 15-28. DOI:
10.1108/IJSMS-10-01-2008-B005.
41. Shank, M. D. & Beasley, F. M. (1998). Fan or fanatic: Refining a measure of sports involvement. Journal of sport behavior, 21(4), 435.
42. Tajfel, H. & Turner, J. C. (1985). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W.G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of Intergroup Relations (pp. 7-24). Chicago, IL: Nelson-Hall.
43. Thomson, M. (2006). Human brands: Investigating antecedents to consumers’ strong attachments to celebrities. Journal of Marketing, 70(3), 104-119. DOI:
10.1509/jmkg.70.3.104.
44. Vogel, V., Evanschitzky, H., & Ramaseshan, B. (2008). Customer equity drivers and future sales. Journal of Marketing, 72, 98-108. DOI:
10.1509/jmkg.72.6.098.
45. Wakefield, K. L. & Sloan, H. J. (1995). The effects of team loyalty and selected stadium factors on spectator attendance. Journal of Sport Management, 9, 153-172. DOI:
10.1123/jsm.9.2.153.
46. Wilkie, W. L. (1994 ). Consumer Behavior. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
47. Xue, F (2008) The moderating effects of product involvement on situational brand choice. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25(2): 85-94. DOI:
10.1108/07363760810858828.
48. Yuksel, M., McDonald, M. A., & Joo, S. (2016). Cause-related sport marketing: an organizing framework and knowledge development opportunities. European sport management quarterly, 16(1), 58-85. DOI:
10.1080/16184742.2015.1119172.
49. Yuksel, A., Yuksel, F., & Bilim, Y. (2010). Destination attachment: Effects on customer satisfaction and cognitive, affective and conative loyalty. Tourism Management, 31(2), 274-284. DOI:
10.1016/j.tourman.2009.03.007.
50. Zaichkowsky, J. L. (1985). Measuring the involvement construct. Journal of consumer research, 12(3), 341-352. DOI:
10.1086/208520.